Christianity And The Islamic Faith Essay - 1837 Words

Death is inevitable, we cant change the fact only accept it, what we can choose is our faith, who and what we believe in. Each religion is different they all have a different take and belief in what happens to us and our souls after we die. In this report I am focusing on two different religions and what they believe happens during life after death. My two religions are Catholicism and Islam. In the Islamic religion, beliefs are a key staple in their religion, there is a quote in the Quran stating that Righteous is he who believes in Allah and the Last Day and the Angels and the Scriptures and the Prophets (2:177). This quote outline the most important doctrines in the islamic faith. The islamic faith teaches that there is one god which is a monotheistic view on the world. The religion is held up by the 6 articles of faith, they are the belief in Allah, Angels, divine books, prophets, day of judgement and the Allah’s predestination. Their faith was founded by a mann named Mohammed in 610 A.D during his time a polytheism belief has in place, meaning the people worships and prayed to more than one god. Mohammed had a vision of an angel telling him â€Å"There is only one God, and His name is Allah. Worship Him.† This is what started the Islamic religion and the now monotheistic belief of the muslim people. Just like the other religions the Muslims aisles have a sacred book called the Quran they believe that the Quran was sent to Mohammed by Allah through an angel. In theShow MoreRelatedCompare And Contrast The Three Pillars Of Islam1157 Words   |  5 PagesChristian Beliefs In Islam and Christianity, there are similar and different beliefs and practices. In Islam, the five pillars form the core of the religion. Muslims go about their lives abiding by these pillars (â€Å"Islam†). In Christianity, there are not necessarily pillars, but there are commandments that one should live their life by (â€Å"Christianity†). The three pillars of Islam that will be identified resemble some of the beliefs in Christianity. The declaration of faith, prayer, and a period of sacrificeRead MoreEssay Understanding Islamic Religion and Culture1221 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is your view on the Islamic religion and culture? Did you know they are the fastest growing religion in the world today, with eighty-percent now developing outside the Arab world(Belt, Don) Today’s generation does not show much interest or knowledge of their own religion; let alone the Islamic people. Most people only expose themselves to information that matches their own opinio ns and beliefs. Instead of learning and exploring new things about the world they stick to what they know becauseRead MoreThe practises, beliefs and values of Christianity and Islam have an impact on Australia society;1600 Words   |  7 Pagesvalues of Christianity and Islam have an impact on Australia society; however, the media exploits the perceived tension between the two groups which has led to discrimination and violence. Over many years the way of which an individual lives their life has been shown to be affected by the religion of which they follow. This affects the way of life throughout the community surrounding these people, as well as having an impact on the social issues throughout this particular community. Christianity has aRead MoreJudaism, Islam, and Christianity Essay1687 Words   |  7 Pages Judaism, Islam, and Christianity are some of the religions that most individuals can relate to, being the three largest religions in the world. Like many religions they sh are many differences and also some similarities. One difference that these religions hold is their view of Jesus Christ. Similarities are surprisingly common to find among some religions because of the basis they put on one another. Some similarities between these religions include: belief of monotheism and the influence of ZoroastrianismRead MoreThe Function Of Prayer And The Islamic Faith1430 Words   |  6 Pagesnature of the one who prays.†Ã¢â‚¬â€¢ Sà ¸ren Kierkegaard   Islam is a monotheistic faith which centers around the sovereignty of Allah, the five pillars of faith, and the sanctity of the Qur’an.   Christianity views Islamic prayer as an opportunity for the real God reveal the truth to Muslims.   Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Islam is the fastest-growing major religion in the world† (Taylor).   In Islam, Allah is almighty (Qur’an Sura 67:2).   The five pillars of faith, Shahada, Salat, Zakat, Hajj and Sawm, are a constant reminder of a Muslim’sRead More Trinity of Beliefs Essay1361 Words   |  6 Pages We study different religious faiths in order to understand other people. Many people have strong religious convictions, and it would be impossible to understand them without first understanding their faith. Which is why when studying the early Western World the religions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam, which are all closely related, are examined. All three of these religions are Western, they are monotheistic, and together they form the Abramic religions. Judaism is the oldest, dating from aroundRead MoreChristianity And The Religion Of Islam1180 Words   |  5 PagesChristianity and the religion of islam have many differences. I believe it’s time fo r someone to go into depth of how Christianity and Islam are similar and different. One thing to remember is that all this is based on Historical discoveries, and my opinions are based on my research. So, without further ado, let’s get started. Take in mind that I have never read the, â€Å"Qur’an†, or the, â€Å"Holy Bible†. I will try my best to make everything factual. The descendant - Christianity: All christians believeRead MoreWorld Religions and the North Africa/Southwest Asia Realm854 Words   |  4 Pagesreligions; Christianity, Judaism and Islam. Centuries of conflict lie at the heart of this realm due to differences in religious beliefs. In reviewing the scripture readings presented for this lesson, each religion has one intrinsic similarity; that is the belief in God. Where both Islam and Judaism view God as one entity, Christians believe in the Trinity (Father, Son and Holy Spirit), (Islam, Judaism and, 2004-2013). Review of the scripture readings show that both Judaism and Christianity areRead MoreReligions : Commons Goals Vs. Pretend Pluralism Essay1401 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"pretend pluralism†. There are many major and minor religions that have guided people in their morals and beliefs. Religions, such as Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, and Buddhism. All five of these current, major religions have vast differences, but may have common goals in their morals, traditions, etc. Two of the most practiced religions, of these five, are Christianity and Islam. These two religions are constantly at battle with one another, but what many people don’t see is that there are justRead MoreSimila rities and Causes for Unfamilirity between Christianity and Islam1566 Words   |  7 Pagesaddress two of the most dominant faith traditions; Islam and Christianity. Regardless of my own religious beliefs, there is no denying that Islam and Christianity share many similar tenets that go unrecognized or ignored by followers of each monotheistic faith. The identification of these similarities and the causes for unfamiliarity between the two religions is my paramount goal within the parameters of this paper. Analysis of Similarities Islam and Christianity share a fundamental connection in

Entrepreneurship and Importance of Growing Firms -myassignmenthelp

Question: Write about theEntrepreneurship and Importance of Growing Firms. Answer: Entrepreneurship is the process of executing the innovative ideas for the betterment of the society and economy. It is considered as the key for generating wealth, employment and economic growth; a tool for decreasing poverty and unemployment. Entrepreneurship is inspired to stimulate growth because it is substitute to unemployment and the direction to abscond the poverty. The growth of the firms depends on entrepreneur as they make the innovative strategy and policy to achieve the objectives. Entrepreneurial firms are also very helpful in regional development by providing direct or indirect support in lifting up the regional economy. Entrepreneurship is very crucial to any economy. The objectives of this study are to discuss about the role of entrepreneurship in the economic development through various ways and the entrepreneurial firms potential for growth, relation between entrepreneurship and management and major objective is that entrepreneurship plays an important role in the g rowth of economy and living standard of the country (Toma and Marinescu, 2014). Entrepreneurship majorly supports the growth of economy by decreasing the unemployment in the country by providing jobs. Entrepreneurship is the act of creating a business or businesses with the motive of generating profit. The meaning of entrepreneurship is very complicated. Entrepreneurship involves person who take actions for transformation of the world by solving huge problems that many struggle with each day, or raise something comprehensive that advances society. Entrepreneurship is the process whereby an individual assess, determine and exploits a business opportunity (Volery and Mazzarol, 2015). An entrepreneur is the one who take the idea and execute on it instead of just had an idea stuck in the mind. Entrepreneurship is about execution of ideas. Entrepreneurs have exceptional ability and extraordinary powers, their talents include being intelligent, innovative and ambitious. They repeatedly take action to make sure progress of the world, they observes issues in the business environment and instantly focuses on thinking about the solution (Drucker, 2014). They want to provide solutions to the society for day to day problems to improve and take forward their society. Whether they create jobs for decreasing the unemployment or by creating new products or also by providing innovative services, they execute their innovative ideas for the worlds progress. Entrepreneurs are very important in society as they put efforts on their own to improve society. Entrepreneurs are the ones who create jobs (Naude, 2014). Their motive to continue their business growth is for creating new jobs, so that it could be helpful in decreasing unemployment because if the business is growing then they would require more employees. Entrepreneurs create changes in the society as they see opportunity everywhere and this talent to see many options in different situations is very censorious. They usually take risks but that does not mean to be spontaneous with risks of business, so they execute their ideas with proper planning, strategy, analysing and observing the advantages and disadvantages. An effect ive entrepreneur enhances the capacity and potential of decision makers to make most appropriate decision for business. A business can adopt the entrepreneurship by looking at some major factors, like; vision, mission and strategy of the business, culture and structure of the organization, knowledge and creative management, technology management, effective and ethical leadership, managing the risks and core competencies (Decker, et al., 2014). They are generally faster to approach the market with entire new technologies; this is very helpful in taking society forward towards growth. Entrepreneurs are helpful in balancing regional development as when they establish their new business in backward and less developed area; then they are lifting regional economies in both direct and indirect manner because when the businesses and industries grow in these areas then this would instigate infrastructure enhancement, such as better roads and rail links, airports, stable electricity power and water supply, schools, hospitals, shopping malls and other public and private services that would not otherwise be available. Innovative mind set and personality is the vital role of an entrepreneur, innovation is the process of executing the creative ideas and experimentation by launching new products, technologies and services in a different manner. It represents the firms likelihood to attract and hold up new ideas through creativity and experimentation that would help in developing new products, services and technologies. Entrepreneurs are supposed to work actively by implementin g their creative ideas productively before their competitors (Galindo and Mendez, 2014). They are proactive in nature; they set some parameters and make sure that they are following the same for achieving goals. They know that if something needs to be done, they should begin it themselves. Entrepreneurs are highly motivated for achievements, in this a person with the motive of achievement would be an entrepreneur and when highly motivated actions are implemented then result comes that is entrepreneurship. The requirement for achievement is the feature for describing economic behaviour or people. In the hope of achievement, entrepreneurs perform things in different and new ways which are better. If someone is facing any problem in the organisation then the entrepreneur individually take the ownership of the work to find the resolution of the problem and fix it in a better way. They are very dedicated towards their plans, visions and dreams; this kind of behaviour towards the organisa tion is very beneficial for whole business. A positive point of view is necessary for an entrepreneur; one should not get demotivated because of past failures and disappointments. Entrepreneur is the one who is very talented in monetary management because without financial support one cannot enhance business for long term, so they take updates every month and make sure that it is going in the same way in which they had planned. Risk taking is the key feature of entrepreneurship because without taking risk or if one is scared of taking risk then they cannot implement or execute their ideas to achieve their goals (Putta, 2015). Entrepreneurs are recognised by their behaviour of risk taking as they have this inbuilt nature of taking chance but they take risk with productive and reflective strategy. They make a well-articulated strategic orientation for future and long term growth. Entrepreneurial manager tries to initiate the creative ideas of the organisation with the effective and efficient use of resources. Entrepreneurs firstly develop the idea and business concept then raise principal for starting up the business; they hire the employees for gathering a productive and loyal team. They make innovative strategies to compete with the competitors, then they implement the strategies and analyse regularly to look if the plan is effective and productive then they it would help business in growth. Entrepreneurship is improving the quality of life in the society through balancing the development in economy and finance (Wright, 2015). Entrepreneurs think with the societys point of view and analyse the needs and wants of the society and then plan to fulfil the need of their communities and societies; this would help an entrepreneur to contribute to the development of society. They also plan with the motive of creating financial wealth. Growth of the organisation is major priority of the one who makes the policies. There is consequently an anxious scrutiny in achieving more knowledge about the policy which helps in the growth of firm in better conditions. Growth of the organisation is major priority of the one who makes the policies. There is consequently an anxious idea in achieving more knowledge about the policy which helps in the growth of firm in better conditions. High growth enterprise is defined as; all those enterprises which have their average annualized growth greater than twenty percentages per annum, over a three-year period. Growth is determined by the number of employees and by annual turnover (Covin and Wales, 2012). Entrepreneurship is inspired through the contingency sustained by the innovative and creative ideas and knowledge created. Entrepreneur is the one who completely utilize their knowledge for commercialisation in organisational context. Economic performances are influenced directly from hi gh growth firms through transformation, employment and productivity extension; on the other hand economic and social outcomes have vaster consequences. The successful entrepreneurial firms leave the spill over outcome on the development of other organisations and also on the regional economic and social consequences. When entrepreneurs are confused with their innovative ideas then they opt to do experiments for knowing the possibility of success. Entrepreneurship and experimentation are related to each other as entrepreneurs firstly experiment their innovative ideas and analyse after some time about the growth and profit in terms of cash flow, experiments are very helpful as they provide the information about the possibility of ultimate success. So, entrepreneurs get an idea of how to continue their business with the help of experiment (Kerr and Rodhes-Kroph, 2014). The impressive innovation and productivity in surviving firms are encouraged by the high growth firms which are favourably affected on the productivity as the resources of weaker firms are transferred to stronger firms. High growth organisations contribute to economic pe rformance. High growth firms are major innovators, these firms are calibre to perform and procure from victorious innovation. For the growth of the firm, it is very necessary to be innovative, innovative resources leads an organisation to grow two times faster. High growth firms are very important for economic performance, as they help in improving productivity by advancing the relocation of resources amongst firms and more quick entries and exits within their sectors. On the other hand, by including internal reformation within individual entrepreneurial firms get support to lift up multi factor productivity growth by external reformation within sectors. The firms which are growing very quickly, they are highlighting their contribution to the development of local resources which support in enhancing the productivity of other local firms (Koryak, et al., 2015). Entrepreneurial businesses are creative and innovative in nature, entrepreneurial business has more potential and they are more calibre in terms of growth as compared with small businesses. Entrepreneurial operations believe in creating their own mark ets with the help of their innovative ideas and strategies, hence they are not limited to existing markets. On the other hand, small business usually performs and operates in an initiated industry and they are known by their behaviour of operating within certain market; they perform in terms of particular locality (Lechner and Gudmundsson, 2014). Entrepreneurial businesses are potential for growth. Entrepreneurial ventures do not only focus on survival, profit and sales; they usually set some objectives and make strategies to achieve growth, targets, and better position in market (Smith and Tendai, 2014). Management and leadership are very prime characteristics for entrepreneurs to achieve success and growth. It is not mandatory that every managers or leaders are entrepreneur and in the same manner it is also not important that every entrepreneur have quality of management and leadership. In business it is very necessary to be productive enough to achieve the strategic objective and for this entrepreneurs have to own the talent of both, the entrepreneur and of the calibre manager. Entrepreneurs and managers both are essential for the success of the business as both the entrepreneurial and managerial functions are different from each other; and a business requires the strategies by each individual. Entrepreneurs usually perform in different manner; they are very innovative in nature so they think creative and then recognize the opportunities and plan innovative strategies for the growth of the business. On the other side, management is inclusive of various functions such as planning, organising, leading and controlling. Entrepreneurs are very much calibre to discover the best opportunities and establish the business. They also have to manage the diverse business functions such as accounts, production, marketing, administration, public relations and human resources. Business cannot be successful only with the innovative ideas and creative strategies, but it requires proper management to initiate the strategies in a particular manner to achieve the objectives and growth productively. A successful entrepreneurial firm is the combination of entrepreneur and manager, as management and entrepreneurship is related to each other. If an entrepreneur has the calibre of both the entrepren eur and management then this is the best combination of skills for the growth of business (Neffke, et al., 2018). It can be said that the entrepreneurs are with the qualities of speculation, coordination, arbitrations, observation, innovation and also with the good decision making quality. Entrepreneurship is very mandatory and beneficial for the economic growth of the country, it is not only necessary for the business itself. Entrepreneurs believe in the passion and they follow their passion. Entrepreneurship is very helpful in decreasing unemployment in the country as when an entrepreneur establishes a business, and then human capital is required to raise the company. Consequently it creates new job opportunities which lead to economic growth. When an entrepreneur starts a new business then at initial stage they usually sell their product or provide their services at very low prices; as this would help people to get the opportunity to try the service or to check the product and they get to know about the qualities of the product at reasonable price. In this way, entrepreneurship support in strengthening the economy of a country (Parker 2018). Entrepreneurship supports the country in being advanced through their creative ideas as when they bring new products and innov ative ideas to the market it makes the country advance in the fields of culture, science and technology. From the above essay it has been concluded that entrepreneurs are the one who are inclusive of talents such as innovative, intelligent and ambitious. They are the one who not only think about the innovative ideas, they execute the creative ideas. Entrepreneurship is not only about creative thinking but it also includes the execution of innovative ideas which make changes to the society and help people with the problems they face each day. Entrepreneurship creates job so it is very helpful in decreasing unemployment which would leads to economic growth. Due to entrepreneurs innovative approach, these entrepreneurial firms have more potential for growth than the small business. Entrepreneurial firms need effective and efficient management system along with the high degree of innovation and creativity. These firms cannot be successful only with the innovative ideas and creative strategies but it is required to manage these ideas and strategies in an appropriate and productive manner (De brulle 2016). Hence, an entrepreneur has to be a good manager for the growth of business. It has been concluded that with the innovative ideas and strategies one can enhance their local resources for the growth of the business. Entrepreneurial firms help in economic growth through transformation, employment and productivity extension. Hence, above study explained the role of entrepreneurial firms in the economy why entrepreneurs are important to any country. References Covin, J.G. and Wales, W.J. (2012) The measurement of entrepreneurial orientation.Entrepreneurship theory and practice,36(4), pp.677-702. Debrulle, J. (2016) The Role of Entrepreneurship in the Context of Career Trajectories: Moving Back into Wage Employment or into Unemployment?.Labour,30(2), pp.180-197. Decker, R., Haltiwanger, J., Jarmin, R. and Miranda, J. (2014) The role of entrepreneurship in US job creation and economic dynamism.Journal of Economic Perspectives,28(3), pp.3-24. Drucker, P. (2014)Innovation and entrepreneurship. Routledge. Galindo, M.. and Mndez, M.T. (2014) Entrepreneurship, economic growth, and innovation: Are feedback effects at work?.Journal of Business Research,67(5), pp.825-829. Kerr, W.R., Nanda, R. and Rhodes-Kropf, M. (2014) Entrepreneurship as experimentation.Journal of Economic Perspectives,28(3), pp.25-48. Koryak, O., Mole, K.F., Lockett, A., Hayton, J.C., Ucbasaran, D. and Hodgkinson, G.P. (2015) Entrepreneurial leadership, capabilities and firm growth.International Small Business Journal,33(1), pp.89-105. Lechner, C. and Gudmundsson, S.V. (2014) Entrepreneurial orientation, firm strategy and small firm performance.International Small Business Journal,32(1), pp.36-60. Naud, W. (2014) Entrepreneurship and economic development.International Development. Ideas, Experiences and Prospects. Neffke, F., Hartog, M., Boschma, R. and Henning, M. (2018) Agents of structural change: the role of firms and entrepreneurs in regional diversification.Economic Geography,94(1), pp.23-48. Parker, S.C. (2018)The economics of entrepreneurship. Cambridge University Press. Putta, S.S. (2014) Improving entrepreneur's management skills through entrepreneurship training.Journal of Commerce and Management Thought,5(3), p.459. Smith, W. and Tendai, C. (2014) Entrepreneurship, economic growth and entrepreneurship theories. Mediterranean journal of social sciences, 5. Toma, S.G., Grigore, A.M. and Marinescu, P. (2014) Economic development and entrepreneurship.Procedia Economics and Finance,8, pp.436-443. Volery, T. and Mazzarol, T. (2015) The evolution of the small business and entrepreneurship field: A bibliometric investigation of articles published in the International Small Business Journal.International Small Business Journal,33(4), pp.374-396. Zahra, S.A. and Wright, M. (2016) Understanding the social role of entrepreneurship.Journal of Management Studies,53(4), pp.610-629.

State Behavior the International System-Free-Samples-Myassignment

Question: Does Power help us understand State Behaviour in the International System? Answer: Assistance of power, in understanding the state behaviour in the international systems Power is one of the most essential components in the context of international relations. Power is often defined as on actor in a social relationship, who is in the position of carrying out his own commands, along with ensuring followers, to follow his principles (Baylis, Owens and Smith 2017). The power in international relation is observed as a potential that is dependent on several factors such as geographical position and size, natural resources, population, tangible resources such as industrial development, employment and technical advancements, along with intangible resources such as national image, public support, leadership, loyalty of the citizens of the country (Adler-Nissen and Pouliot 2014). The modern concept of international power defines both economic and military power. Power, as a concept gets least attention in the international theory. The various types of power and its uses on the international relations have been highlighted in this assignment. The role of power, in understanding the international systems has been shed light upon, in this assignment. While studying international relations, development of various terms such as hard power, soft power, smart power, institutional power, compulsive power, productive power has been defined. However, the concept of power has two dimensions (Finnemore 2009). This includes the kinds of social relations through which the capabilities are affected, and the specificity of the social relations (Berenskoetter and Williams 2007). However, for the social theorists, social relations are viewed as the relations of the interactions among the earlier constituted social actors and the relations of constitution of actors as specific kinds of social beings. The expression of power, whether it is interaction or constitutional, has a major significance. One of the positions of this dimension treats the relations as actions of pre-constituted social actors with each other in the society. In this dimension, the role of power is either through behavioural relations or social interactions (Berenskoetter and Williams 2007). The other dimension consists of the social relations of constitution. In this case, the power works through social relations. However, the constitutional relations cannot be reduced to the actions or interactions, of the actors. According to Barnett and Duvall (2005), power is irreducibly social. The distribution of the power and its display in the international relations are as follows: The first system is the hemonic system in which there is only one dominant power (Finnemore 2009). For example, today the world is under the hegemonic state with the US being sole military power. Moreover, the world also sees US as the economic super power. The second system is power distribution is the bipolarity system where two superpowers dominate their power. For example, the period following the Second World War could be called the period of bipolarity as during this period, there were two major powers which dominated the world, namely United States and Soviet Union (Finnemore 2009). The third kind of power distribution is the multipolarity in which more than two dominant or superpowers exert their power in the world. For example, the situation, following the Peace of Westphalia or the Treaty of Westphalia in the year 1648, was considered to be multipolar (Finnemore 2009). Use of power capabilities The wide variety of the capabilities, which are related to power, is not enough. These capabilities need to be used in order to alter the behavior of other people. Since power has a key role to play, in the international relations, hence the use of power has to be done effectively. The power is dependent on various factors such as the geographical position and location (Barnett and Duvall 2005). Moreover, the acquisition of the natural resources, the population of the country, along with the tangible and intangible resources that are possessed by the nation has a major role to play (Drezner 2009). For example, US is highly developed in technological fields, along with education, healthcare, space research. The countries in the United States are called the first world countries, since they possess power, knowledge as well as natural resources. Thus, the US is often seen as an epitome of power in the international relations. In the modern world, the role of power is seen within a globalized international system. Countries like USA were found to fight alone during the 2003 Iraq invasion. This was done by the display of military measures of power. Globalization is also seen as a US-dominated phenomenon because it is exercising its power positively. The sanction of the international economic sanctions acts as a useful tool to support authoritarian government in exercising international norms (Kahler 2015). Hence, globalization has acted as a source for hegemonic stateies to display economic supremacy by ignoring human rights and other standard norms. Therefore hegemonic countries impose their believe to rest of the world and other cultures struggle with the rules because they are not equipped economically and militarily and they are compelled to agree with the rule. Moreover, using their economic and military capacity to enforce these rules. For example, United Nations Security council, World Bank, IMF are some of the institutions that hold vast power in IR. Since they were created by United States (US) it gives extra advantage to the US over other states and more authority compared to other states. The power capabilities The power capabilities, that establishes a country at the top of the power pyramid includes the military power, political power, economic power as well as the social power. Military capabilities The power, as defined in the international relations often refers to the military power that a nation possesses. The military weapons and armed forces that a country possesses often highlight the power in a country (Barnett and Duvall 2005). The possession of the nuclear power and large standing army is often highlighted as the face of power in the international relations. Economic capabilities Along with the possession of the military capabilities, the economic capabilities also highlight the display of the international power. Economic strength is one of the major strengths that is possessed by a country, in order to be a leader in the international power world (Drezner 2009). Another measurement that highlights the economic capability of a country in the international market is the gross domestic product (GDP) (Dahl 1957). The total market value of all the goods and services that are produced within the country often highlights the economic strength and capabilities of a country, thus giving the country power. Political capabilities A strong political background, with no or less opposition from the other political parties, will ensure the possession of power in the world. Moreover, countries that are politically unstable will not be able to stand up and protect other countries, during periods of crisis. Hence, political stability and strength has a key role to play in the international relations. Thus, it could be concluded that power has a significant role to play in the identification of the state behavior in the international relations. The possession of military power, economic power, and political power highlights the state behavior in the international relations, in the world. The example of the display of power by hegemonic countries like USA has revealed how globalization has played a role in illustration of power to the world. The power in international relationship has been mainly fulfilled due to strong military and economic capacities of strong countries. Such strengths give extra power to countries to rule the world and engage in international relationship with other countries. References Adler-Nissen, R. and Pouliot, V., 2014. Power in practice: Negotiating the international intervention in Libya. European journal of international relations, 20(4), pp.889-911. Barnett, M. and Duvall, R., 2005. Power in international politics. International organization, 59(1), pp.39-75. Baylis, J., Owens, P. and Smith, S. eds., 2017.The globalization of world politics: An introduction to international relations. Oxford University Press. Berenskoetter, F. and Williams, M.J. eds., 2007. Power in world politics. Routledge. Dahl, R.A., 1957. The concept of power. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 2(3), pp.201-215. Drezner, D.W., 2009. The power and peril of international regime complexity. Perspectives on politics, 7(1), pp.65-70. Finnemore, M., 2009. Legitimacy, hypocrisy, and the social structure of unipolarity. World Politics, 61(1), pp.58-85. Kahler, M. ed., 2015.Networked politics: agency, power, and governance. Cornell University Press.

Types of Tests

Tests are a necessary aspect of teaching English to speakers of other languages (TESOL). For an educator it is crucial to monitor the progress of the learners and be aware of difficulties they may experience.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Types of Tests specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Testing is a suitable way for the teacher to observe the learner’s success and failure and make conclusions considering the methods and approaches implemented for each specific learner or class (Hancock, 2006). There are a number of various tests designed to determine the learners’ progress in each aspect of English such as proficiency, vocabulary, skills and knowledge, theoretical and practical application of language. This paper focuses on ten different types of tests and their use for TESOL. Proficiency tests are normally composed of several levels. This is done in order to determine the learner’s proficie ncy in various spheres such as grammar, vocabulary, and text comprehension. Tests of thins kind are based on multiple choice scheme so the learner needs to select one of the offered answers. The questions of such test are selected in order to target different aspects of the English grammar and also the learners’ ability to read and understand written text. Proficiency tests are good for TESOL educators because they serve as a perfect tool for monitoring general progress, the efficiency of various teaching methods and the level of knowledge and skills of learners at various stages. Diagnostic tests are rather specific; they are also recognised as progress tests. They are called this way because they are designed to diagnose certain aspects of language and the level of the learners’ progress (Gonzalez, 1996).Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The tests of this type are often conducted in the end of a unit and are directed at the determination of the knowledge the students acquired and the skills they obtained. These tests are normally based on short-term objectives. Since teaching English to the speakers of other languages is always broken down into units, diagnostic tests serve as useful means to estimate the quality of learning and to determine if the students can move on to the next stage based on their progress level. Placement tests represent a particular kind of diagnostic tests (Brown, 2003). They are designed to cover the materials within a certain curriculum. They are conducted with the purpose to determine where the students are to be placed in relation to the information studied by specific learners. In TESOL this kind of tests is useful because they help to save time and effort to both educators and students and place the learners exactly where they need to pick up from instead of making them go through certain materials for the second time . Achievement tests can be viewed as a kind of progress or diagnostic tests because the main objective of these tests is to evaluate the knowledge of a learner within a particular curriculum, program or unit. The length of the period of time covering certain material or program evaluated by the test is indefinite, and this is why the tests are called â€Å"achievement† instead of â€Å"progress†. Achievement tests are oriented at the evaluation of specific kinds of knowledge, which is useful in TESOL because this allows estimating the quality of the program, and its suitability for the learners.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Types of Tests specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Language aptitude tests are important in TESOL, they are conducted even before the learning starts in order to determine each specific learner’s ability to learn and comprehend foreign languages which varies from one indi vidual to another. The tests of this kind are not very popular in the present days because of ethical reasons (Gonzalez, 1996). These tests tend to create bias for the teachers and students and they are viewed as invalid since they are conducted prior to actual language teaching and learning experience. Testing is recognised as norm-referenced when a mark is given to a learner (Brown, 2003). This way, the individual performance of each student is related to that of the remaining members of the class. This way of testing is applied because the progress and skill of each learner need to be placed on a certain position within the class. In TESOL giving marks is vital for the awareness of progress and failure for both teachers and students. In criterion-referenced testing the progress of an individual learner is not compared to that of other students, but is matched against a set of criteria which are designed to determine the level of knowledge. In TESOL the criteria are designed to cr eate a frame of what the learner should be able to do at a certain stage of their learning process. The special feature of these tests is that they do not facilitate competition between the learners and focus of the positive effect of learning. In TESOL English language is broken down into four skills which are reading, writing, speaking and listening and seven linguistic components spelling, grammar, syntax, morphology, phonology, graphology and vocabulary.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Discrete-item tests are designed to evaluate these parts separately which provides the learners with more specific understanding of the difficulties a learner may experience. Global/integrative tests, on the contrary, are designed to view language as a whole. They do not separate the components from the context. This way, the learner’s ability to apply and combine many elements at the same time is evaluated. This approach towards testing considers the separate evaluation of the components as inadequate. Communicative language testing is designed in order to evaluate the learner’s ability to communicate certain information to other people and also to be able to comprehend the information received from other speakers (Gonzalez, 1996). Communicative testing normally concerns both written and spoken language skills and knowledge. The results of communicative languages tests are evaluated based on the quality but not the quantity of communication. The purpose of this kind o f testing is to determine the learner’s ability to apply the theoretical knowledge from their lessons in practice which requires levels of creativity. Such testing is focused on the content, integration and interactivity. In TESOL such tests are vital because they evaluate the levels of learners’ preparation for the independent application of their knowledge. In any kind of teaching testing is recognised to be one of the most controversial aspects. At the same time, it is one of the most important areas of teaching. It is impossible to determine an English language testing method which could be called the best. Testing methods are selected based on the individual choice of each educator based on the goals they pursue. There are five principles of language assessment; they are reliability, validity, authenticity, practicality and washback. The efficient test method is the one that aims for the highest levels of these features. Reference List Brown, H. D. (2003). Languag e assessment: Principles and classroom practices.  Harlow, United Kingdom: Longman. Gonzalez, A. B. (1996). Testing English as a foreign language: An overview an some  methodological considerations. RESLA, 11, 17-49. Hancock, C. R. (2006). Language Teaching and Language Testing: a way and ways  to make appropriate connections. Accion Pedagogica, 15, 6-13. This essay on Types of Tests was written and submitted by user Zeke Rowe to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Writing A Sample A.A. Autobiographical Incident Essay

Writing A Sample A.A. Autobiographical Incident EssayOne of the most fundamental steps in writing an A.A. sample autobiography is to write a sample autobiographical incident essay. This essay is a series of short stories that relate to your personal experience and reflect back on how you were affected by it.When writing a sample autobiography, it is very important to start with a sampler autobiography. This is one story, or incident that relates to your personal situation. This would be like a seed from which a whole life could be born. Once you have made a seed, it is vital to remember to nurture it.In this way, you will know what needs nurturing. These seeds need nurturing in order to grow into what they want to become. If you nurture them, they will flourish and grow into bigger and better seeds of your own.There are many sites that will provide sample autobiographical incident essays for you to use as a guide when writing your own. You can find these samples on the internet. Be c areful when choosing your sample. This essay should be realistic and descriptive, but at the same time, it should also be interesting and memorable.Take the time to analyze your sampler autobiography. The essay should contain the essential parts of what makes you unique. It should include the part of your story that best reflects who you are.For example, if you wrote a part about a car accident that caused you to suffer with disabilities, then you should incorporate something about your childhood traumatic experiences. Also, you should try to focus on the subject of your accident. This can be done by taking photos of the accident or by reading up on it to give you insight about how you feel about it.Now, try to put yourself in the position of the reader, the people who read your stories. If you have some information about your situation, this may help to open their eyes to what could happen to them. It is a good idea to find out a little about yourself before beginning your story.Th rough this, you will be able to relate more to your stories as you read the life events that affect you. As you continue reading your short stories, you will begin to notice when you connect with the characters and what they feel. It is important to tell a bit about your life so that you can understand what parts are needed. This will be a great benefit to you as you write your own essay.

Definition and Examples of Etymology in English

Definition and Examples of Etymology in English Definitions (1) Etymology refers to the origin or derivation of a word (also known as lexical change). Adjective: etymological. (2) Etymology is the branch of linguistics concerned with the history of the forms and meanings of words. See Examples and Observations below. Also see: Etymology Exercise: Exploring Word OriginsIntroduction to EtymologyWord FormationDoublets and TripletsEtymological FallacyEtymonFolk EtymologyKey Dates in the History of the English LanguageLanguage ChangeNeil Postmans Exercise in EtymologySemantic Change and the Etymological FallacyWhere Does Language Come From?Where Do New Words Come From? How Words Are Made AmeliorationBack FormationBackronymBlendBorrowingClippingCompoundingConversionDerivationGenerificationHybridPejorationSemantic ChangeSemantic Narrowing EtymologyFrom the Greek, true sense of a word Examples and Observations Ours is a mongrel language which started with a childs vocabulary of 300 words, and now consists of 225,000; the whole lot, with the exception of the original and legitimate 300, borrowed, stolen, smooched from every unwatched language under the sun, the spelling of each individual word of the lot locating the source of the theft and preserving the memory of the revered crime.(Mark Twain, Autobiography)As early as the 15th century, scribes and early printers performed cosmetic surgery on the lexicon. Their goal was to highlight the roots of words, whether for aesthetic pizzazz, homage to etymology, or both. The result was a slew of new silent letters. Whereas debt was spelled det, dett, or dette in the Middle Ages, the tamperers, as one writer calls them, added the b as a nod to the words Latin origin, debitum. The same goes for changes like the b in doubt (dubium), the o in people (populous), the c in victuals (victus), and the ch in school (scholar).(David Wolman, Righting the Moth er Tongue: From Olde English to Email, the Tangled Story of English Spelling. Harper, 2010) The origin of words that reproduce natural sounds is self-explanatory. French or English, cockoo and miaow are unquestionably onomatopoeias. If we assume that growl belongs with gaggle, cackle, croak, and creak and reproduces the sound it designates, we will be able to go a bit further. Quite a few words in the languages in the world begin with gr- and refer to things threatening or discordant. From Scandanavian, English has grue, the root of gruesome (an adjective popularized by Walter Scott), but Old Engl. gryre (horror) existed long before the emergence of grue-. The epic hero Beowulf fought Grendel, an almost invincible monster. Whatever the origin of the name, it must have been frightening even to pronounce it.(Anatoly Liberman, Word Origins And How We Know Them: Etymology for Everyone. Oxford University Press, 2005)Etymology of the Word GodThe root-meaning of the name (from Gothic root gheu; Sanskrit hub or emu, to invoke or to sacrifice to) is either the one invoked or the one sacrificed to. From different Indo-Germanic roots (div, to shine or give light; thes in thessasthai to implore) come the Indo-Iranian deva, Sanskrit dyaus (gen. divas), Latin deus, Greek theos, Irish and Gaelic dia, all of which are generic names; also Greek Zeus (gen. Dios, Latin Jupiter (jovpater), Old Teutonic Tiu or Tiw (surviving in Tuesday), Latin Janus, Diana, and other proper names of pagan deities. The common name most widely used in Semitic occurs as el in Hebrew, ilu in Babylonian, ilah in Arabic, etc.; and though scholars are not agreed on the point, the root-meaning most probably is the strong or mighty one.(The New Advent Catholic Encyclopedia) The Etymological Fallacy[T]he term etymology . . . is derived from from the Greek etumos, true, and referred to a words primary, or true, meaning. But, if we were to apply such a concept to the majority of common English words today, this would result in considerable confusion; the word silly is first recorded in the sense pious, nice meant foolish, and buxom meant obedient.Dr. Johnson was attracted by the logic of such an approach when he embarked on his dictionary, referring to etymology as the natural and primitive signification  of a word. But experience led him to recognize the fallacy of this approach, as is apparent from the illustration he included in the entry for etymology: When words are restrained, by common usage, to a particular sense, to run up to etymology, and construe them by Dictionaries, is wretchedly ridiculous.(Simon Horobin,  How English Became English. Oxford University Press, 2016)Etymology and Spelling- Rote learning is better swallowed when mixed with l essons in etymology and the history of the language.Learning about etymology can help with learning other languages, too. Take a simple word like justice. You’ve probably known how to spell it for so long that you’ve forgotten that the ending (spelling the sound iss as ice) is counterintuitive to a lot of children. Explaining that the word is borrowed from French, however, might make it clearer. Sounded out in French, the sound at the end makes a bit more sense (by analogy to a place like Nice). A very brief explanation of this kind is a chance for a short history lesson (French was spoken at the medieval court in England) and a reminder that children already know a lot more French than they realise.Teaching spelling in this way may make learning it more interesting but also encourage creativity.(Josephine Livingstone, Spelling It Out: Is It Time English Speakers Loosened Up? The Guardian [UK], October 28, 2014)- There are hundreds of difficult words where an awareness of the etymology can help us predict whether they will contain a double consonant or not. Why irresistible, with two rs? Becomes it comes from ir resister  [in Latin]. Why occurrence with two cs? Because it is from oc (earlier ob) currere. And why is there no double c in recommend and necessary? Because there was no duplication in the Latin: re commendare, ne cedere. I find it hard to resist the conclusion that if children were introduced to some basic etymology, many of the famous spelling errors would be avoided.(David Crystal, Spell It Out. Picador, 2014) Pronunciation: ET-i-MOL-ah-gee

Organ Transplantation Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Organ Transplantation - Personal Statement Example Rithalia et al. (2009) state that in the UK most cases involving alive donors are reported in the donation of kidneys. Most of the other organs come from deceased people. Despite the benefits of organs’ transplantations, this procedure has its share of limitations. For example, as Voo, Campbell, & De Castro (2009) state, the organs available for transplants are usually in short supply, yet the number of people in need of transplants is ever increasing. This translates into a long waiting list, while demand continues to grow and more people die from organ failure. As Lawson (2008) states, the problem with the current healthcare setting is that organ transplantations rely so much on informed consent that many unnecessary deaths are occurring, yet good organs, which can be used to save people’s lives, are being buried and cremated. Presumed Consent during Organ Transplantation To increase the supply of organs, medical practitioners have been forced to use various means to obtain organs. As Voo, Campbell, & De Castro (2009) state, the conventional method is â€Å"opt-in†, in which a person voluntarily donates his/her organs to needy patients. Using this method, the donor should authorize the removal of organs after his/her death, by, for example, carrying a donor card, or being a member of the national registry (Price, 2000). However, since these donations still do not meet the growing demand, practitioners tend to use the â€Å"presumed consent† method. According to Liddy (2000), presumed consent assumes that everyone wishes to donate their organs after death, unless the person has â€Å"opted out† of the system. This is despite the absence of a clear indication that the individual donating the organs have given their consent for the procurement process. According to Lawson (2009), the presumed consent system allows for organ procurement after the death of a person, unless the deceased had objected to this procedure before their death. This scenario, according to Voo, Campbell, & De Castro (2009) creates an â€Å"ethical crisis†, where critics argue that the deceased may not have known the laws governing organ donations, and would not have, therefore, objected. Legal and Ethical Issues Affecting Presumed Consent during Organ Transplantation On legality grounds, Ammann (2010) writes that from a legal standpoint, every adult of sound mind should have the ability to make decisions concerning any actions towards one own body. It is, therefore, argued that the presumed consent model violates free and informed decision making; thus, undermining personal autonomy. In addition, some critics argue that presumed consent is not legal since it assumes that every person who does not opt-out of the system wishes to donate their organs after death. This, however, is not the case, considering that majority of people are ignorant about such an option and may, therefore, be unwilling to donate, yet fail to opt-out. As a result of not opting-out, such people may end up donating organs even though they never intended to become donors (Liddy, 2000). Presumed consent can either be â€Å"hard opt-out† or â€Å"soft opt-out† depending on the available legislations, as well as ethical considerations (Ammann, 2010). The hard system does not consult the family, while the soft one considers the wishes of the family before starting on the organ procurement proces